Genetic diagnosis of seronegative (HIV−) partner of female patient with AIDS in the context of HIV transmission

AimComplex genetic diagnosis of seronegative (HIV−) long-term partner of female patient with AIDS C3 in the context of HIV transmission. Case report and literature review.BackgroundHIV infection was excluded in 47-year-old man, a long-term sexual partner of female patient diagnosed with AIDS C3. The risk of HIV infection was estimated as high.ObjectiveWe focused on the genetic diagnosis of serodiscordant couple. We determined the presence of CCR5-Δ32, CCR2-64I, HLA-B, killer cell immunoglobulin-like receptor (KIR) and their ligand genes and human endogenous retroviruses K113 and K115.MethodsGenotyping was performed using PCR methods.ResultsAnalysis of partner's genotype revealed the presence of CCR5-Δ32/Δ32 and KIR genes encoding activating receptors (KIR2DS1, 2DS5, 3DS1), features associated with reduced risk of HIV transmission. Similarities in patient's and her partner's HLA (HLA-B*51) and similar inhibitory KIR repertoire and their ligands (KIR2DL1+HLA-C2, KIR2DL3+HLA-C1, KIR3DL1+HLA-B Bw4-80Ile) could favor the transmission of the virus.ConclusionGenetic diagnosis is not routinely recommended, observation of exposed and uninfected individuals would allow to implement new knowledge into more effective care.