The changing epidemiology of Acinetobacter spp. producing OXA carbapenemases causing bloodstream infections in Brazil: a BrasNet report

• We observed a distinct epidemiology of Acinetobacter spp. bloodstream infections within the Brazilian territory.
• In contrast to other geographic regions, bloodstream infections were more frequently caused by A. pittii than A. baumannii in the Brazilian Northern region.
• OXA-23–producing A. baumannii were mainly grouped under CC79 and CC15, which were spread out within Brazilian territory.
• We also observed an interhospital dissemination of OXA-72–producing A. baumannii in Brazil.

We evaluated the epidemiology of Acinetobacter spp. recovered from patients diagnosed with bloodstream infections in 9 tertiary hospitals located in all Brazilian geographic regions between April and August 2014. Although OXA-23–producing Acinetobacter baumannii clones were disseminated in most hospitals, it was observed for the first time the spread of OXA-72 among clonally related A. baumannii isolated from distinct hospitals. Interestingly, Acinetobacter pittii was the most frequent species found in a Northern region hospital. Contrasting with the multisusceptible profile displayed by A. pittii isolates, the tetracyclines and polymyxins were the only antimicrobials active against all A. baumannii isolates.