کد مقاله کد نشریه سال انتشار مقاله انگلیسی نسخه تمام متن
3364197 1592117 2010 7 صفحه PDF دانلود رایگان
عنوان انگلیسی مقاله ISI
The seasonality of pandemic and non-pandemic influenzas: the roles of solar radiation and vitamin D
موضوعات مرتبط
علوم زیستی و بیوفناوری ایمنی شناسی و میکروب شناسی میکروبیولوژی و بیوتکنولوژی کاربردی
پیش نمایش صفحه اول مقاله
The seasonality of pandemic and non-pandemic influenzas: the roles of solar radiation and vitamin D
چکیده انگلیسی

SummaryObjectivesSeasonal variations in ultraviolet B (UVB) radiation cause seasonal variations in vitamin D status. This may influence immune responses and play a role in the seasonality of influenza.MethodsPandemic and non-pandemic influenzas in Sweden, Norway, the USA, Singapore, and Japan were studied. Weekly/monthly influenza incidence and death rates were evaluated in view of monthly UVB fluences.ResultsNon-pandemic influenzas mostly occur in the winter season in temperate regions. UVB calculations show that at high latitudes very little, if any, vitamin D is produced in the skin during the winter. Even at 26°N (Okinawa) there is about four times more UVB during the summer than during the winter. In tropical regions there are two minor peaks in vitamin D photosynthesis, and practically no seasonality of influenza. Pandemics may start with a wave in an arbitrary season, while secondary waves often occur the following winter. Thus, it appears that a low vitamin D status may play a significant role in most influenzas.ConclusionsIn temperate latitudes even pandemic influenzas often show a clear seasonality. The data support the hypothesis that high fluences of UVB radiation (vitamin D level), as occur in the summer, act in a protective manner with respect to influenza.

ناشر
Database: Elsevier - ScienceDirect (ساینس دایرکت)
Journal: International Journal of Infectious Diseases - Volume 14, Issue 12, December 2010, Pages e1099–e1105
نویسندگان
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