Biomarcadores proteicos en lupus neuropsiquiátrico

Systemic lupus erythematosus is a chronic auto-immune disease in which genetic, epigenetic, environmental, hormonal and immunological are involved. Systemic lupus erythematosus affects almost all organs with clinical manifestations such as skin disorders, musculoskeletal, cardio, renal and neuropsychiatric compromise, the latter neuropsychiatric lupus, has a prevalence that varies between 12-95%. Neuropsychiatric manifestations have been associated with morbidity and mortality of the disease so these account for a poor prognosis. To date, the diagnosis of neuropsychiatric lupus is performed using the nomenclature and description of case reported by the American College of Rheumatology (ACR) in 1999, however, the use of this nomenclature has not been effective for the diagnosis of neuropsychiatric lupus because the complex pathogenesis, heterogeneity of clinical presentations, an unpredictable course of the disease and the laboratory tests and imaging used are not conclusive. For these reason it is therefore imperative the search of biomarkers, among which are reported auto-antibodies and other proteins. However, these reports require additional studies to be validated and that they can be used in clinical practice. This paper is a review about these biomarkers evaluated until today.