Hyperkaliämie

There are no typical symptoms in hyperkalemia. Muscle weakness and paraesthesias are found in potassium levels > 7.5 mmol/l. High potassium intake alone does not lead to hyperkalemia, but can cause hyperkalemia if combined with renal dysfunction or certain medication. Acidosis, a common cause, should always be ruled out. If none of these are found, the hyperkalemia is usually caused by a mineralocorticoid deficiency. With regard to therapy, we differentiate between measures for cardioprotection and quick lowering of the potassium level and measures for rising potassium excretion. A diagnostic algorithm is shown.