Fractures of the foot and ankle

Fractures of the foot and ankle are common in all age groups. Soft tissue swelling, diabetes mellitus and peripheral vascular disease should be considered when forming the management plan. Open fractures should be treated urgently with a combined approach with the plastic surgeons. Temporary external fixation may be required to stabilize the fracture before definitive fixation and subsequent soft tissue cover. Foot elevation is essential to reduce swelling after major fractures or crush injuries. Compartment syndrome should be considered in anyone with disproportionate pain. Mild forms of compartment syndrome are easily missed and can result in clawing of the toes. Patients suffering fractures to the foot and ankle also require deep vein thrombosis prophylaxis whilst in plaster or until mobile.