Heminefrectomía NOTES-híbrido transvaginal por duplicidad del sistema colector renal en el paciente adulto

We describe the technique for transvaginal Hybrid-NOTES heminephrectomy. This approach requires further development with respect to instrumentation, and surgical expertise. The combined umbilical and vaginal approached restored triangulation and facilitates dissection, but more experience is required to determine safety, efficacy and reproducibility.