Bladder Stromal Loss of Transforming Growth Factor Receptor II Decreases Fibrosis After Bladder Obstruction

Stromal loss of transforming growth factor-β signaling decreased collagen deposition after partial bladder outlet obstruction. In contrast to collagen production by recruited macrophages, stromal transforming growth factor-β signaling appears to be the primary source of fibrosis after partial bladder outlet obstruction. These findings further support the hypothesis that manipulating transforming growth factor-β signaling in bladder stromal cells would provide a future avenue for neuropathic bladder and bladder fibrosis treatment.