Claudin-11 expression increased in spermatogenic defect in human testes

Expression of claudin-11, which builds up blood–testis barrier (BTB), was increased in decreased spermatogenesis, including in hypospermatogenesis, spermatocytic and maturation arrest, and Sertoli cell only (SCO) testes. Increased claudin-11 immunoreactivity was observed at the inter-Sertoli tight junctions in maturation arrest and in the cytoplasm of Sertoli cells in SCO. The late spermatogenic wave may negatively regulate claudin-11 gene activation and the subcellular localization of claudin-11 in Sertoli cells, thus altering the BTB in the human testis.