Sphingosine-1-phosphate inhibits H2O2-induced granulosa cell apoptosis via the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway

Treatment with S1P can inhibit the apoptosis of granulosa cells in response to oxidative stress induced by H2O2. The protective effect of S1P is mediated by activating the PI3K/Akt pathway, and the antiapoptotic effect of S1P is mainly mediated through the S1P1 and S1P3 receptor.