Glutathione S-transferase theta 1 expressed in granulosa cells as a biomarker for oocyte quality in age-related infertility

ObjectiveThe goal of this study was to identify a reliable biomarker for age-related infertility.DesignLaboratory study.SettingART laboratory.Patient(s)Patients undergoing intracytoplasmic sperm injection or IVF cycles.Intervention(s)Expression of Glutathione S-transferase (GST) mRNA and protein in mural and cumulus granulosa cells obtained from infertile patients were examined by reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction and immunofluorescence.Main Outcome Measure(s)Correlation between the expression of GST theta 1 (GSTT1) in granulosa cells and oocyte quality was a main outcome measure.Result(s)Expression of GSTT1 in granulosa cells from male factor patients was positively correlated with age and negatively with cumulus-oocyte complex maturity. When samples with high and low GSTT1 in granulosa cells were extracted from the other infertility factors, cumulus-oocyte complex maturity in the high GSTT1 group was significantly lower than that in the low GSTT1 group (high: 27.2% vs. low: 51.3%). The developmental capacity of oocytes in the high GSTT1 group was likely to be lower (high: 26.4% vs. low: 43.9%). Up-regulation of GSTT1 during aging may be promoted by FSH and H2O2, determined by an in vitro model.Conclusion(s)GSTT1 is a good indicator for age-related infertility.