Pregnancy loss in pregnancies conceived after in vitro oocyte maturation, conventional in vitro fertilization, and intracytoplasmic sperm injection

ObjectiveTo compare rates of pregnancy loss after oocyte maturation in vitro (IVM), after IVF, and after intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI).DesignRetrospective comparative study.SettingUniversity tertiary-care center for infertility.Patient(s)Women undergoing assisted reproductive technology in a single center.Intervention(s)Oocyte maturation in vitro, IVF, or ICSI, as indicated.Main Outcome Measure(s)Biochemical pregnancy, clinical miscarriage, ectopic pregnancy, and late fetal loss.Result(s)There were 1,581 positive pregnancy tests (120 IVM, 849 IVF, and 612 ICSI). The biochemical pregnancy loss rate did not statistically significantly differ among the groups: 17.5% (21/120) after IVM, 17.0% (144/849) after IVF, and 18.0% (110/612) after ICSI. The clinical miscarriage rate after IVM was 25.3% (25/99), which was statistically significantly different compared with 15.7% (111/705) after IVF and 12.6% (63/502) after ICSI. However, the clinical miscarriage rates in women with polycystic ovary syndrome were statistically similar, at 24.5% (24/98) after IVM and 22.2% (18/81) after IVF. The ectopic pregnancy rates also were statistically similar: 1.0% (1/99) after IVM, 2.3% (16/705) after IVF, and 1.8% (9/502) after ICSI. The late fetal loss rates were similar as well: 1.0% (1/99) after IVM, 2.7% (19/705) after IVF, and 2.9% (14/502) after ICSI. There were no chromosomal abnormalities in the IVM group.Conclusion(s)There is a higher rate of clinical miscarriage after IVM when compared with IVF and ICSI. This appears to be related to polycystic ovary syndrome rather than to the IVM procedure.