Epidemiology of mixed urinary incontinence in China

ObjectivesTo determine the prevalence and risk factors for mixed urinary incontinence (MUI) among Chinese women.MethodIn this cross-sectional survey study we analyzed the answers to a modified Bristol Female Lower Urinary Tract Symptoms questionnaire provided by 19 024 women older than 20 years and from 6 regions in China.ResultsThe overall prevalence of MUI was 9.4%. The prevalence of MUI increased with age and reached 24.1% among women older than 70 years. Multivariable logistic regression analysis revealed that age, vaginal delivery, chronic constipation, pelvic organ prolapse, chronic pelvic pain, respiratory system disease, menstrual disorder, urinary system disease, alcohol consumption, pelvic surgery, obesity, and a low educational level were independent risk factors for MUI.ConclusionWe found age, vaginal delivery, and chronic constipation to be the main risk factors for MUI among adult women in China.