The diagnostic and therapeutic role of ultrasound in obstetrics

Since its introduction, the role of ultrasound has continuously evolved for the past 40 years. New developments in the field of screening for pregnancy disorders have led to changes in the clinical application of ultrasound in the care of women with normal and complicated pregnancies. At the recommended intensities for obstetric examination, ultrasound is safe, without adverse effects on mother, fetus or operator. This review highlights the validated uses of ultrasound in obstetrics, such as pregnancy dating, screening for aneuploidy, diagnosis of fetal abnormality, placental localization, diagnosis of chorionicity in multiple pregnancy, assessment of fetal growth and well-being and fetal therapy. Knowledge of the evidence base for the role of ultrasound will result in effective and appropriately timed interventions in pathological pregnancies.