Trunk–pelvis coordination during turning: A cross sectional study of young adults with and without a history of low back pain

• We investigated axial plane trunk–pelvic coordination during walking turns.
• We compared asymptomatic young adults with and without a history of low back pain.
• During swing, individuals with low back pain had greater trunk phase coordination.
• Coordination variability did not differ between groups.

BackgroundDuring steady-state locomotion, symptomatic individuals with low back pain demonstrate reduced ability to modulate coordination between the trunk and the pelvis in the axial plane. It is unclear if this is also true during functional locomotor perturbations such as changing direction, or if this change in coordination adaptability persists between symptomatic episodes. The purpose of this study was to compare trunk–pelvis coordination during walking turns in healthy individuals and asymptomatic individuals with a history of low back pain.MethodsParticipants performed multiple ipsilateral turns. Axial plane inter-segmental coordination and stride-to-stride coordination variability were quantified using the vector coding technique. Frequency of coordination mode and amplitude of coordination variability was compared between groups using Wilcoxon signed-rank tests and paired t-tests respectively.FindingsDuring stance phase of the turn, there was no significant difference in either inter-segmental coordination or coordination variability between groups. Inter-segmental coordination between the trunk and the pelvis was predominantly inphase during this part of the turn. During swing phase, patterns of coordination were more diversified, and individuals with a history of low back pain had significantly greater trunk phase coordination than healthy controls. Coordination variability was the same in both groups.InterpretationChanges in trunk–pelvis coordination are evident between symptomatic episodes in individuals with a history of low back pain. However, previously demonstrated decreases in coordination variability were not found between symptomatic episodes in individuals with recurrent low back pain and therefore may represent a response to concurrent pain rather than a persistent change in motor control.