HIV and the Athlete

HIV/AIDS is considered a worldwide pandemic, with continued increases in the number of newly diagnosed cases and persons living long-term with the disease. Athletes may be at risk of infection based on behaviors associated with participation in their sport and away from competition. The sports medicine physician must be aware of the risk of HIV/AIDS in the athlete, diagnosis and treatment options, the effect of HIV/AIDS on exercise, and strategies for prevention of HIV/AIDS in athletic competition.