Fixation and durability of a bone-ingrowth component for glenoid bone loss

BackgroundDeficient glenoid bone is a reconstructive challenge in shoulder arthroplasty. One solution is an ingrowth anatomic glenoid with column and screw fixation, with or without supplemental bone graft. This study examines the outcome of patients managed in this manner.Materials and methodsThis type of glenoid component was used in 21 shoulder arthroplasties with central or peripheral glenoid bone deficiencies: 13 for bone loss due to arthritic wear and 8 for revision arthroplasty. Patients were monitored clinically for a mean of 11.1 years (range, 7.6-15.1 years) and by x-ray imaging for a mean of 9.1 years (range, 2.2-14.2 years).ResultsRevision procedures were needed for 7 shoulders at a mean of 10.4 years (range 5.5-14.3 years), 6 for polyethylene or metal wear leading to glenoid loosening in 4. In the 14 nonrevised shoulders, pain ratings (1 to 5 scale) decreased from a mean of 4.5 to 1.9 (P < .001). Mean active elevation increased from 100° to 125° (P = .02). Mean external rotation increased from 28° to 43° (P = .06). Results assessed by the Neer rating were excellent in 3, satisfactory in 10, and unsatisfactory in 1. In radiographic assessment of the unrevised shoulders, 4 were at risk for glenoid loosening, and 1 was at risk for humeral loosening.ConclusionsThis method of reconstruction can offer pain relief and improved motion. However, the large number of revision procedures and additional adverse changes on x-ray imaging suggest other reconstructive options may be more successful and durable.