Rehabilitation for Patients With Posterior Instability and Multidirectional Instability

The glenohumeral joint is an inherently unstable joint that relies on the interaction of the dynamic and static stabilizers to maintain stability. Disruption of this interplay or poor development of any of these factors may result in instability, pain, and a loss of function. Rehabilitation varies based on the type of instability present and the key principles described. A comprehensive program designed to establish full range of motion, balance capsular mobility, along with maximizing muscular strength, endurance, proprioception, dynamic stability, and neuromuscular control of the glenohumeral and scapulothoracic joints is essential. A functional approach to rehabilitation using movement patterns and sport-specific positions along with an interval sport program allows a gradual return to athletics. The focus of the program should minimize the risk of recurrence and ensure that the patient can safely return to functional activities.