Complications of Minimally Invasive Lumbar Spine Surgery

Compared with open procedures, minimally invasive spine surgery allows spinal abnormalities to be addressed through smaller incisions with less soft-tissue damage and postoperative pain, which may lead to shorter hospitalizations and earlier mobility for the patient. However, minimally invasive spine procedures require advanced techniques, mandate specialized equipment, provide decreased visualization, and are associated with a steep learning curve. Although studies have shown similar complication rates for the 2 approaches, minimally invasive surgery may be associated with decreased fusion rates, increased dural injury rates, and inadequate decompression compared with conventional surgical techniques. This review addresses the complications associated with minimally invasive spine procedures and provides tips for prevention.