Dyslipidaemia and age-related involutional blepharoptosis

SummaryBackgroundThe aetiology of age-related involutional blepharoptosis may be multifactorial. Dyslipidaemia may be involved in the pathogenesis of this disease, as dyslipidaemia, which is often related to ageing, is a risk factor for many disorders. The relationship between lipid profiles and age-related involutional blepharoptosis was evaluated to investigate this hypothesis. There are no known reference data in the literature examining the statistical association between dyslipidaemia and age-related involutional blepharoptosis.MethodsThe study population was 251 consecutive Japanese patients aged 60 years or older who had at least one of the most common age-related changes of the eyelid and eyebrow, and who underwent surgical intervention. Blepharoptosis was defined as a marginal reflex distance of <2 mm. Using strict exclusion criteria applied to all the patients regardless of eyelid position, 101 patients were finally enrolled. The selected demographic and clinical characteristics, as well as biochemical parameters including plasma lipids, were statistically compared between the patients who developed pure age-related involutional blepharoptosis and those who did not.Main findingsDyslipidaemia was observed to be associated with the presence of age-related involutional blepharoptosis (odds ratio: 4.008, 95% confidence interval: 1.586–10.131, p = 0.002). Univariate analysis revealed that triglycerides and non-high-density lipoprotein cholesterol were significantly higher in patients with age-related involutional blepharoptosis compared with those without blepharoptosis. With multivariate analysis, non-high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (p = 0.003) and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (p = 0.044) were both significantly and independently associated with the presence of age-related involutional blepharoptosis, but in opposite directions (positive and inverse, respectively), whereas triglycerides were no longer significant.ConclusionDyslipidaemia, specifically atherogenic dyslipidaemia, should be considered as a possible determinant of age-related involutional blepharoptosis. Further studies are required to clarify the causal relationship between dyslipidaemia and age-related involutional blepharoptosis.