Anastomotic stricture after surgical repair of esophageal atresia: frequency, risk factors, and efficacy of esophageal bougie dilatations

AimsThe aim of this study was to evaluate the frequency and risk factors of postoperative anastomotic stricture, and the efficacy and complications of esophageal bougie dilatations for symptomatic anastomotic stricture in a population of children with esophageal atresia.Patients and MethodsThe medical records of 62 children operated on for esophageal atresia type III (Ladd and Gross) over a 5-year period were retrospectively reviewed.ResultsAnastomotic stricture developed in 23 (37%) of patients. Anastomotic tension during primary repair of esophageal atresia was associated with subsequent stricture formation (P < .05). Patients required esophageal dilation at a mean age of 149 days (range, 30-600 days). Stricture resolution occurred after a mean of 3.2 dilatations per patient (range, 1-7). Dilation was successful in 87% of patients. Three patients continued to present mild (n = 1) to severe (n = 2) dysphagia, mainly related to esophageal dysmotility. No complications were observed during or after the dilatation sessions.ConclusionsAnastomotic stricture, secondary to the surgical treatment of esophageal atresia, remains a frequent complication in patients with esophageal atresia. Esophageal dilation with Savary-Gilliard bougies is a safe and effective procedure in the management of strictures.