Pediatric calyceal diverticulum treatment: An experience with endoscopic and laparoscopic approaches

We found that the pediatric calyceal diverticulum can be successfully treated in a minimally invasive manner. The endoscopic approach should be the first line option for patients with small, endophytic diverticula, particularly those located in the upper and mid pole. The laparoscopic approach is more invasive but should be considered for large diverticula that are exophytic with thin overlying parenchyma.Table. Summary of patient data. Complications classified according to clavien-dindo system.EndoscopicLaparoscopicNumber of patients9/13 (73%)4/13 (27%)Size: median cm (range)2.3 (1.3-3.5)5.8 (2-10)Median decrease in size (cm)1.0 (0-2)3.0 (2.4-7.2)Median OR time, minutes (range)69 (13-97)172 (107-197)Median length of stay, days (range)0.25 (0.2-1.2)2 (1.9-4)Failure of initial therapy2/90/4ComplicationsRepeat procedure 2 (Clavien IIIb)Perinephric hematoma 1 (Clavien I)DVT 1 (Clavien II)