Association between the introduction of a new cystic fibrosis inhaled antibiotic class and change in prevalence of patients receiving multiple inhaled antibiotic classes

BackgroundIn 2010, aztreonam for inhalation solution joined aminoglycosides and colistimethate as a new cystic fibrosis (CF) chronic inhaled antimicrobial therapy. We studied how the introduction of this new inhaled antibiotic class changed the management of US CF patients.MethodsThe use of inhaled aminoglycosides, colistimethate, and aztreonam among patients followed in the CF Foundation Patient Registry was analyzed by age group, lung disease stage, and microbiologic status both annually, and at individual visits between 2009 and 2012.ResultsThe overall prevalence of inhaled antibiotic use did not change during the period, but the prevalence of annual and any visit treatment with > 1 inhaled antibiotic class more than doubled. Adults, those with advanced lung disease, and those with > 1 Pseudomonas aeruginosa respiratory culture were more likely to receive > 1 antibiotic class.ConclusionsInhaled antibiotic management of US CF patients has dramatically changed in association with the introduction of a third inhaled antibiotic class.

Figure optionsDownload high-quality image (256 K)Download as PowerPoint slide