Male Gender and Body Mass Index Are Associated With Hypertension and Reduced Kidney Function 5 or More Years After Living Kidney Donation

• In a cross-sectional study, 77 nephrectomized subjects were assessed at 5 years after kidney donation.
• The objective of this study was to evaluate kidney function and explore risk factors after donation.
• Male sex and high BMI were positively associated with kidney failure.

BackgroundThe objective of this study was to evaluate renal function and to explore the relationship between some risk factors in kidney donors 12.37 ± 7.60 years after donation.Patients and MethodsIn a cross-sectional study conducted in a transplant unit, 77 nephrectomized subjects were assessed ≥5 years after donation to evaluate their renal function and the presence or absence of hypertension, dyslipidemia, and microalbuminuria.ResultsTwenty donors had an estimated glomerular filtration rate of <60 mL/min/1.73 m2. Nine donors showed urinary albumin excretion of >20 μg/min (11.68%). Subjects with an EGFR of <60 mL/min were predominantly male and hypertensive and showed higher body mass index (BMI), higher uric acid, higher total cholesterol/high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (TC/HDL-C), and logarithm of triglycerides/HDL-C (log TG/HDL-C) ratios than donors with an EGFR of >60 mL/min. Hypertensive donors were older and had higher BMI, higher UA serum values, higher TC/HDL-C and log TG/HDL-C ratios and microalbuminuria than nonhypertensive donors (P < .005). A multivariate analysis was conducted and, after final adjustment, a filtration rate of <60 mL/min was 3.05 times higher in men than women, increased 10% for each 1-unit increase in BMI and was positively associated with log (TG/HDL-C). The frequency of hypertension increased by 10% for each 1-unit increase in BMI and was positively associated with microalbuminuria.ConclusionIn this sample of kidney donors from a single transplant unit, ≥5 years after donation, male sex and high BMI were positively associated with the presence of kidney failure.