Renoprotective Role of Fenoldopam Pretreatment Through Hypoxia-Inducible Factor-1alpha and Heme Oxygenase-1 Expressions in Rat Kidney Transplantation

ObjectiveDonor preconditioning by fenoldopam is demonstrated to improve graft function in recipients. Involvement of hypoxia-inducible factor-1alpha (HIF-1α) and heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) in renoprotection after fenoldopam pretreatment was investigated.MethodsDonor Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats were intravenously treated with fenoldopam (5 μg/kg  ·  min), Sch23390 (10 μg/kg  ·  min), or fenoldopam + Sch23390 for 1 hour. Kidneys experiencing 24 hours of cold preservation were transplanted into syngeneic SD recipients. Ten days after transplantion, serum concentrations of creatinine (sCR), blood urea nitrogen (BUN), interleukin (IL)-8, and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α in recipient were determined. Grafts were procured for histopathological examination, apoptosis analysis, and measurements of malondialdehyde and total superoxide dismutase activities; meanwhile, both protein level and mRNA level of HIF-1α and HO-1 were assessed.ResultsFenoldopam preconditioning significantly decreased the serum concentrations of sCR, BUN, IL-8, and TNF-α in recipients. Low apoptosis rate and reduced oxidative stress were found in these grafts. Increased HIF-1α activation and HO-1 expression were observed in fenoldopam pretreatment group. Sch23390 partly inhibited the effects of fenoldopam in the combination group.ConclusionDonor preconditioning by fenoldopam exerts renoprotection in grafts, at least in part, through HIF-1α activation and HO-1 expression. This provides a preference for further studies.