Attitudes Toward Islet Cell and Tissue Xenotransplantation Among Kidney and Liver Patients on the Transplant Waiting List

IntroductionResearch into xenotransplantation is centered on the fields of organs, tissues, and cells. However, the use of animals in this therapy is creating social rejection among the general public as well as among patients on the transplant waiting list.ObjectiveThe objective of this study was to analyze the attitudes of patients on the waiting list toward a possible transplantation of cells or tissues of animal origin.Materials and MethodsThe study included patients on the kidney and liver transplant waiting lists from January 2003 until December 2005 (N = 373). Attitudes toward xenotransplantation were assessed using a psychosocial questionnaire about the donation of animal organs. The questionnaire was administered through a direct personal interview.ResultsWith regard to the xenotransplantation of tissues and cells, 83% of kidney patients (n = 177) were in favor and 17% (n = 37) were not in favor of both options. Patients who were more in favor for tissues and also for cells were young respondents (P = .016; age P = .006) and those with a formal education (P = .002; education P = .001). Among liver patients, 85% (n = 134) were in favor and 15% (n = 24) were not in favor. Those who were more in favor for tissues included elderly patients (P = .028) and those with descendents (P = .001); for cells, those who were more in favor were those who were married (P = .011), were older (P = .009), and had children (P < .000). No significant differences were observed between the groups.ConclusionPatients on the solid organ transplant waiting lists showed favorable attitudes toward tissue and cell xenotransplantation.