Cardiac Systolic Function in Patients Receiving Hematopoetic Stem Cell Transplantation: Risk Factors for Posttransplantation Cardiac Toxicity

One hundred eleven patients who received 125 hematopoetic stem cell transplantations (HSCT) with myeloablative conditioning regimens were retrospectively evaluated for the development of cardiac toxicity (CT). The aims of this study were to assess the frequency of cardiac complications in patients receiving HSCT and to investigate the value of pretransplantation variables to predict posttransplantation CT. Severe grade III–IV CT was not observed in this cohort, in whom pretransplantation eligibility criteria excluded the patients with a left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) of 50% or less. Grade I–II CT was seen in 13.4% patients. Patients with a history of previous mediastinal radiotherapy, high doses of anthracycyclines, and a longer interval between diagnosis and treatment were found to have higher risk of developing CT. Pretransplantation ferritin levels and the type of HSCT did not seem to have an effect on posttransplantation cardiac complications. Our results indicated that CT was managable in patients with a LVEF of at least 50%.