Nonpathogenic Mycobacterium brumae Inhibits Bladder Cancer Growth In Vitro, Ex Vivo, and In Vivo

We investigated the antitumour activity of nonpathogenic mycobacteria in in vitro and in vivo models of non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer. We found that Mycobacterium brumae effectively inhibits bladder cancer growth and helps the host immune system to eradicate cancer cells, and is a promising agent for antitumour immunotherapy.