The spatial reliability of task-irrelevant sounds modulates bimodal audiovisual integration: An event-related potential study

• Auditory spatial reliability affects audiovisual integration.
• We observed three ERPs related to the effect of auditory spatial reliability.
• Spatial linking within audiovisual information is enhanced by spatial reliability.
• Audiovisual spatial linking occurs at a relatively late stage of processing.

The integration of multiple sensory inputs is essential for perception of the external world. The spatial factor is a fundamental property of multisensory audiovisual integration. Previous studies of the spatial constraints on bimodal audiovisual integration have mainly focused on the spatial congruity of audiovisual information. However, the effect of spatial reliability within audiovisual information on bimodal audiovisual integration remains unclear. In this study, we used event-related potentials (ERPs) to examine the effect of spatial reliability of task-irrelevant sounds on audiovisual integration. Three relevant ERP components emerged: the first at 140–200 ms over a wide central area, the second at 280–320 ms over the fronto-central area, and a third at 380–440 ms over the parieto-occipital area. Our results demonstrate that ERP amplitudes elicited by audiovisual stimuli with reliable spatial relationships are larger than those elicited by stimuli with inconsistent spatial relationships. In addition, we hypothesized that spatial reliability within an audiovisual stimulus enhances feedback projections to the primary visual cortex from multisensory integration regions. Overall, our findings suggest that the spatial linking of visual and auditory information depends on spatial reliability within an audiovisual stimulus and occurs at a relatively late stage of processing.