Interleukin-17 levels in rat models of nerve damage and neuropathic pain

In the present study, we assessed IL-17 levels at 3 and 8 days following various forms of injuries to the sciatic nerve and related the cytokine levels to the pain behaviors associated with the injuries. The four experimental models employed were chronic constriction injury (CCI), partial sciatic ligation (PSL), complete sciatic transection (CST) and perineural inflammation (Neuritis). Behavior withdrawal thresholds for mechanical stimulus and withdrawal latency for thermal stimulation were used to measure mechanical allodynia and thermal hyperalgesia. IL-17 levels of the affected, contralateral and naïve rats’ sciatic nerve were assessed employing enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Rats exposed to CCI and Neuritis displayed significant mechanical allodynia and thermal hyperalgesia 3, 5 and 8 days following the procedure, rats exposed to PSL displayed significant mechanical allodynia 5 and 8 days following the procedure and rats exposed to CST developed significant hypoesthesia. Three days following the procedure, IL-17 levels increased significantly compared to naïve rats only in the PSL model. Eight days following the procedure, IL-17 levels in nerves exposed to CCI, CST, PSL and Neuritis were significantly elevated compare to intact nerve levels. It is likely that IL-17 has a limited role in the acute phase of nerve injury and the associated acute pain, but may have a role in later phases of the processes of the development of neuropathic pain.

Research highlights
► IL-17 level increases in the PSL model 3 days after procedure. IL-17 levels in CCI, CST, PSL and Neuritis are elevated 8 days after procedures. IL-17 has a limitted role in the acute phase of the nerve injury. IL-17 has a role in later phases of the processes and the development of neuropathic pain.