Psychophysical stress increases the expression of phospho-CREB, Fos protein and neurokinin-1 receptors in superficial laminae of trigeminal subnucleus caudalis in female rats

▶ Psychophysical stress increases pCREB expression at trigeminal subnucleus caudalis. ▶ Increased pCREB expression after stress is not affected by E2 status and TMJ injury. ▶ Psychophysical stress alone increases Fos and NK1R mRNA expression. ▶ Psychophysical stress causes persistent activation at trigeminal caudalis neurons.