Mapping landscape services: a case study in a multifunctional rural landscape in The Netherlands

► This study provides a robust framework and a flexible approach to identify and map landscape services. ► Indicators for mapping landscape services are identified by linking landscape services to site-specific spatial characteristics. ► Effective spatial scales and patterns of landscape services differ, hence, important insight for identifying indicators to map and quantify landscape services. ► Indicators are specific to the case study area, but highlight linkages between landscape services and their surroundings.