Study on Microwave Scattering Characteristics of Sea Water and Oil Spill Based on the Indoor Measuring Method

With the capabilities of all-weather, all-time and wide geography scope, microwave remote sensing has provided an effective monitoring technique for ocean oil spills. This paper analyzed the theoretical basis of oil spill microwave scattering and the existing oil spill scattering model. By using indoor microwave scattering measurement system, the scattering coefficients of the simulated sea water and oil spill under different conditions were measured choosing a reasonable number of independent samples to insure high measurement accuracy adopting the time-domain technology and metal plate calibration methods. The relation among scattering coefficients of sea water and oil spills, the parameters of the incident wave (including different polarization, incidence frequency and angle), the sea water parameters (different wind speed and direction) and the parameters of oil spills was studied. The scattering coefficient database and oil spill microwave scattering mechanism based on the simulation results will provide the theoretical basis for the design for sensors and analysis of remote sensing data on oil spill monitoring.