The Detection of Urban Open Space at Jakarta, Bogor, Depok, and Tangerang – Indonesia by Using Remote Sensing Technique for Urban Ecology Analysis

Trend of decreasing urban green space within the last few decades either in metropolitan area, towns and cities are detected by using remote sensing techniques. The selection of the appropriate urban green space to restore the stability of urban ecosystem is determined by several factors, such as site uniqueness, land-form, or microclimates. However, until now, there were no scientific data which could describe how much ecological effect differences of trees, shrubs and grass for affecting microclimate in urban areas. This research was conducted to measure urban air temperature at different vegetation structure and landuse in Jakarta, Bogor, Depok, and Tangerang.. The site from different landuses (urban park, residential, central business district and industrial area) for urban temperature measurement was selected by using remote sensing techniques. The results of spatial and statistical microclimate analysis indicated that the trees are more effective to reduce the temperature in comparison with the structure of other vegetation. The results also proved that there were differences in temperature at the same vegetation structure (tree, shrub, grass) on the different types of landuse, as well as at different cities.