Annual sulfur deposition through fog, wet and dry deposition in the Kinki Region of Japan

► We estimated sulfur deposition through fog, wet and dry deposition in Kinki Region. ► WRF/CMAQ well simulated the meteorology and air quality. ► SO42− concentration in fog water was 6 times higher than that in precipitation. ► Fog water deposition was large in the mountainous areas with high fog frequency. ► Fog water deposition is important in some mountains in Kinki Region of Japan.