کد مقاله | کد نشریه | سال انتشار | مقاله انگلیسی | نسخه تمام متن |
---|---|---|---|---|
4439468 | 1311020 | 2011 | 9 صفحه PDF | دانلود رایگان |
![عکس صفحه اول مقاله: Impact of time–activity patterns on personal exposure to black carbon Impact of time–activity patterns on personal exposure to black carbon](/preview/png/4439468.png)
Time–activity patterns are an important determinant of personal exposure to air pollution. This is demonstrated by measuring personal exposure of 16 participants for 7 consecutive days: 8 couples of which one person was a full-time worker and the other was a homemaker; both had a very different time–activity pattern. We used portable aethalometers to measure black carbon levels with a high temporal resolution and a PDA with GPS-logger and electronic diary. The exposure to black carbon differs between partners by up to 30%, although they live at the same location. The activity contributing most to this difference is transport: Average exposure in transport is 6445 ng m−3, followed by exposure during shopping (2584 ng m−3). Average exposure is lowest while sleeping (1153 ng m−3) and when doing home-based activities (1223 ng m−3). Full-time workers spend almost twice as much time in transport as the homemakers. As a result of the study design we measured in several different homes, shops, cars, etc. enabling a better insight in true overall exposure in those microenvironments. Other factors influencing personal exposure are: background concentrations and location of residence in an urban, suburban or rural environment.
► Personal exposure monitoring with a high temporal resolution.
► Time–activity patterns are a key determinant of personal exposure to air pollution.
► Exposure between partners, living at the same address, can differ by up to 30%.
► Exposure while in transport far exceeds exposure in other microenvironments.
► This research underlines the importance of personal monitoring for health purposes.
Journal: Atmospheric Environment - Volume 45, Issue 21, July 2011, Pages 3594–3602