Node deployment of band-type wireless sensor network for underground coalmine tunnel

Proper node deployment is the first step to build a Wireless Sensor Network (WSN) system. Therefore, a detailed study on mathematical 3D node deployment is carried out in this paper with the purpose of increasing the coverage efficiency of WSN in underground coalmine tunnel. Firstly, a 3D band-type node deployment model is proposed and in which part, several important characteristics of node deployment are discussed in detail, such as radio features, sensing efficiency, redundancy principles and coverage features. Secondly, a targeted node deployment algorithm is brought up and the core method of interval computing is put forward, thus the node interval can be computed accordingly. Thirdly, we use simulated annealing method to optimize the deployment algorithm proposed. The results show that the characteristics of node deployment in coalmine tunnel affect the network coverage dramatically. Moreover, comparing with the current deployment strategies, the optimized deployment provided by us can promote the coverage efficiency markedly.