A survey on integrating MANETs with the Internet: Challenges and designs

Throughput and coverage requirements of future 4G all-IP systems may require integration of MANETs into IP-based systems to enhance the flexibility and pervasiveness of the networks. However, integrating MANETs with the Internet gives rise to a number of challenges such as the extensions to both Mobile IP and ad hoc routing protocols. Many technical issues still remain unsolved in this field. This article presents a detailed survey of state-of-the-art designs. Open research issues are discussed.