Performance comparison of single and multi-GNSS receivers under agricultural fields in Korea

Objective of this research was to evaluate the performance of single and multi-GNSS receivers and investigate the different capability under different modes of the multi-GNSS receiver for positioning assessment under stationary and moving conditions in typical Korean agricultural sites such as open field, orchard, and mountainous area. During stationary tests of the single-GNSS receiver (Model: R100, Hemisphere DGPS) with differential correction, the Twice the Distance Root Mean Square values (2DRMS) values were found as 0.162 m, 0.196 m, and 1.720 m in open field, orchard, and mountainous area, respectively. For multi-GNSS receiver (Model: SIGMA-G3T, JAVAD GNSS Inc.) with Precise Point Positioning (PPP) mode, the 2DRMS values were found as 0.077 m, 0.162 m, and 0.929 m for carrier phase differential (RTK) with fixed ambiguities (pd) with QZSS (Quasi-Zenith Satellite System) signal in open field, orchard, and mountainous area, respectively. During the moving tests of the single-GNSS receiver, the Root Mean Square Error (RMSE) values were found as 0.168 m, 0.221 m, and 1.372 m in open field, orchard, and mountainous area, respectively. For multi-GNSS receiver with PPP mode, the RMSE values were found as 0.152 m, 0.182 m, and 1.13 m for pd with QZSS signal in open field, orchard, and mountainous area, respectively. Number of satellites tracked by the multi-GNSS receiver was greater than the single-GNSS receiver in all cases. This research provides capability and accuracy of a multi-GNSS receiver and comparison with a single-GNSS, which would be helpful for selecting appropriate receivers and methods in various agricultural conditions.