GC–MS analysis of bioactive components and synthesis of silver nanoparticle using Ammannia baccifera aerial extract and its larvicidal activity against malaria and filariasis vectors

• Silver nanoparticles synthesized by plant extracts from aqueous silver nitrate solution.
• Synthesized silver nanoparticles in the range of 8–80 nm.
• Silver nanoparticles exhibit significant larvicidal activity.

The present study deals with cost effective and environment friendly green synthesis of silver nanoparticle from the aqueous aerial extract of Ammannia baccifera as reducing agent and to investigate the larvicidal activity of synthesized Silver nanoparticles. UV–vis absorption spectroscopy was used to monitor the quantitative formation of silver nanoparticles. The characteristics of the obtained Silver nanoparticles were studied using X-ray diffraction analysis (XRD), Fourier Transform Infra Red Spectroscopy (FTIR), Energy Dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX) and Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) and Transmission Electron Microscope (TEM). The EDX spectrum of Silver nanoparticles solution confirmed the presence of an elemental silver signal. Fourth instars larvae of two mosquitoes species Anopheles subpictus and Culex quinquefasciatus were exposed to varying concentrations of aqueous extract of A. baccifera and synthesized silver nanoparticles for 24 h to analyze the larvicidal effect. In the present study, aqueous extract of A. baccifera with LC50 = 257.61 against the larvae A. subpictus and LC50 = 210.88 against the larvae C. quinquefasciatus. The synthesized Silver nanoparticles shown significant toxic effects against the larvae of A. subpictus with an LC50 = 29.54 ppm and against the larvae of C. quinquefasciatus LC50 = 22.32 ppm. The present study of the GC–MS analysis showed, 34 bioactive phytochemical compounds have been found to possess a wide range of activities, which may help in the protection against incurable diseases.‘

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