Antarctic Intermediate Water influence on Mediterranean Sea Water outflow

► The presence of AAIW is outlined in the Gulf of Cadiz from CFC and oxygen minima and a nutrient maximum. ► AAIW enters the southwestern part of the Gulf of Cadiz along the continental shelf and spreads cyclonically. ► Proportions of MW, NACW and AAIW in the upper and lower cores of the Mediterranean undercurrent are calculated through an OMP analysis. ► AAIW is present in the lower core of the Mediterranean undercurrent at a proportion of 12.9%.