Rapid discrimination between four Antarctic fish species, genus Macrourus, using HRM analysis

Correct identification of species forms the basis of all biological studies from individual genetic variation to population genetics, stock assessments and understanding whole ecosystems. This often relies on skilled taxonomists or molecular techniques to identify species, the time and cost of which can be prohibitive to many research opportunities. High resolution melt (HRM) analysis offers a potential quick and cost effective method of genetic screening and an alternative to DNA sequencing to confirm species identity. This technique was successfully tested for its ability to discriminate between four genetically similar species of Antarctic fish, genus Macrourus, where morphological identification can be problematic due to overlapping characteristics. The technique was shown to be fast, robust and reliable even with samples where DNA yield was of poor quality and quantity. There is great scope for the application of this technique in biological research, fisheries management and conservation genetics.

► HRM analysis was able to discriminate single nucleotide differences between samples and accurately identify species.
► HRM analysis is quick, accurate, reliable and low cost allowing large sample numbers to be processed.
► This technique requires minimal technical knowledge and could be used in remote research stations or onboard ships.