Alternation drying and grinding (ADG) technique: A novel approach for producing ripe mango powder

The effectiveness of the alternation of drying and grinding of ripe mango for powder production was studied. Mango endosperm was dried to different moisture content and ground. There was no significant difference in ash, pectin, reducing and total sugars, starch, proteins and fat content between undried and dried mango. Bond, Kick and Rittinger grinding constants were determined. X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, differential scanning calorimetry and infrared analysis of mango granules were carried out before and after drying. Intermittent drying and grinding of ripe mango is recommended in order to increase its grinding ability. Improvement in grinding ability was characterized by the elimination of caking during grinding, the increase of the grinding yield, and the reduction of the final particle size and the energy requirement for grinding. The application of this method to ripe mango resulted in the oxidation of C–OH bonds to CO bonds in the molecular structure.