The genetic diversity of Paeonia L.

With rich germplasm resources, species of the genus Paeonia are exceptionally diverse in their flower color, flower type, plant height and so on. It is also well known that the genus has important ornamental and medicinal values. Hence, many researches especially Chinese take great efforts to study the genetic diversity. Even so, complex genetic backgrounds, vague genetic relationships and mixed cultivars still give rise to severe restrictions in breeding programmes. This review discusses recent literature on genetic diversity of Paeonia sect. Moutan DC and sect. Paeonia, which contain relatively rich germplasm resources from the level of comparative morphology, palynology, cytology, isozyme and molecular markers and DNA sequence analysis. Meantime, the advance research direction of genetic diversity in Paeonia is proposed. Comprehensively utilizing evidence in many levels and balanced development between tree peony and herbaceous peony are highlighted.

► We discusses recent literature on genetic diversity of Paeonia Sect. Moutan DC and Sect. Paeonia, which contain relatively rich germplasm resources.
► The main factor contributing to the genetic differences in Paeonia is proposed.
► Advance research direction of genetic diversity in Paeonia is also proposed.
► Comprehensively utilizing evidence in many levels and balanced development between tree peony and herbaceous peony are highlighted.