Grafting and RNA transport via phloem tissue in horticultural plants

Grafting is a cultivation method that exploits a cooperative relationship between partner plants possessing different genomes. It is most commonly used for the propagation and cultivation of trees, shrubs, and fruit vegetables. In addition, as represented by florigen (flowering hormone) experiments, grafting has been utilized in the field of plant physiology to clarify the mechanism of long-distance transport by which signals arising in organs that perceive an environmental change are transmitted to response organs. Recent analytical technology has revealed that some specific RNA molecules are also transported through phloem tissue as genetic information to execute coordinated organ growth and development. Therefore, it is anticipated that the RNA transport system could be applied for the improvement of cultivars of various horticultural crops, if the mechanism were controllable by artificial means.