Phenological growth stages of kiwifruit (Actinidia deliciosa ‘Hayward’)

The phenological growth stages of Hayward kiwifruit vines are described using the BBCH scale. Detailed descriptions of principal growth stages for bud, leaf and shoot development, inflorescence emergence, flowering, fruit development, maturity of fruit, and senescence, and 34 secondary growth stages are provided. Some practical applications of the BBCH scale for kiwifruit orchard management are discussed.