Visible and near-infrared spectral survey of Martian meteorites stored at the National Institute of Polar Research

Martian meteorite chip samples stored at the National Institute of Polar Research (NIPR) have been studied by a visible and near-infrared (VNIR) spectrometer. Measured spots are about 3 × 2 mm in size, which are clearly marked on photographs of the meteorite chips. Rock types and approximate mineral compositions of studied meteorites have been identified or obtained through this spectral survey with no sample preparation required. This study demonstrates that this kind of spectral survey is effective in classifying and describing Marian meteorites, and that such a VNIR spectrometer on a Mars rover would be useful for identifying these kinds of unaltered Mars rocks. Further studies which utilize a smaller spot size are desired for improving the accuracy of identifying the clasts and mineral phases in the rocks.

► Martian meteorite samples stored at the NIPR are studied by Visible-NIR spectroscopy.
► Rock type and approximate mineral composition of each sample are correctly identified.
► Our method proves to be useful in describing unaltered Martian meteorites.
► A Visible-NIR spectra on a Mars rover would be useful for identifying unaltered rocks.