Synthetic focusing and simulation of dual laterolog tool in axisymmetric subsurface models

The laterolog tools for electrical resistivity measurement are largely employed by the petroleum industry especially in boreholes filled with salt water-base mud. This work develops a synthetic focusing for many electrical tools, such as LLS, LLD and LL7. This is done by applying the principle of superposition to each normal arrangement. A finite element method (FEM) is used to simulate the tool response in axisymmetric subsurface models crossed vertically by the well with constant radius. Also, the logs are corrected for the borehole effects that are, in some cases, important. Despite the application of the synthetic focusing has been accomplished in two-dimensional models, it is possible to apply it in more complex simulations: three-dimensional models with deviated boreholes (or dipping beds) as well as anisotropic systems.