Surface water hydrography of the Kuroshio Extension during the Pliocene-Pleistocene climate transition

► First long, orbital-scale surficial record from Plio-Pleistocene Kuroshio Current Extension. ► Seasonal Kuroshio hydrography (T&S) reconstructed through benthic-planktic δ18O gradient. ► Summer/fall Kuroshio warms with Northern Hemisphere glaciation onset. ► Summer/fall Kuroshio coherent with precession, but not obliquity.