Late Holocene vegetation and environmental dynamics of the Araucaria forest region in Misiones Province, NE Argentina

► We reconstructed the vegetation history of the last 2000 years in Misiones Province, Argentina. ► We found evidence of a wetter climate for the last ca. 2000 years. ► We documented that the region was continually forested since the past 2000 years. ► We discovered that the modern characteristics of the Cruce Caballero Park are fairly recent since about AD 1900. ► We detected maize suggesting that pre-Columbian groups practiced a mixed economy since at least 2000 yr ago.